Colorectal Cancer Awareness: Taking Action for Prevention and Early Detection 

March marks Colorectal Cancer Awareness Month, a crucial time to focus on the importance of prevention, early detection, and treatment of this common yet preventable cancer. As the third most frequently diagnosed cancer in both men and women in the United States, colorectal cancer demands our attention and action.

Understanding Colorectal Cancer

Colorectal cancer develops in the colon colon (first and longest part of the large intestine) or rectum (last section of the large intestine), often starting as small growths called polyps. While not all polyps become cancerous, regular screening can detect and remove these precancerous growths before they progress to cancer.

Key facts about colorectal cancer

• It affects both men and women, with slightly higher rates in men.
• The lifetime risk is approximately 1 in 24 for men and 1 in 26 for women.
• Incidence rates have been decreasing in older adults but rising in those under 50.

The Power of Prevention and Early Detection 

The most effective way to reduce colorectal cancer risk is through regular screening, starting at age 45 for those at average risk. Screening methods include: 

• Colonoscopy
• Occult blood tests (stool-based tests)
• Virtual colonoscopy

These screenings can detect cancer early when it’s most treatable and even prevent it by removing precancerous polyps.

Risk Factors and Symptoms

While anyone can develop colorectal cancer, certain factors increase risk:

• Age (risk increases after 45)
• Family history of colorectal cancer or polyps
• Inflammatory bowel diseases
• Lifestyle factors (obesity, inactivity, high-fat diet and highly processed foods, smoking, alcohol consumption)

Common symptoms to watch for include

• Changes in bowel habits
• Blood in stool
• Persistent abdominal discomfort
• Unexplained weight loss

However, early-stage colorectal cancer often has no symptoms, emphasizing the importance of regular screening.

Taking Action This Month

During Colorectal Cancer Awareness Month, consider these steps:

• Schedule a screening if you’re due or over 45.
• Encourage loved ones to get screened.
• Adopt a healthier lifestyle with increased physical activity and a balanced diet.
• Participate in local awareness events or fundraisers.

Hope Through Advances in Treatment

For those diagnosed with colorectal cancer, treatment options have expanded and improved. Depending on the stage and location of the cancer, treatments may include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and targeted therapies. Emerging treatments like immunotherapy also show promise in certain cases.

Colorectal Cancer Awareness Month serves as a reminder that through awareness, prevention, and early detection, we can significantly reduce the impact of this disease. By taking proactive steps for our health and encouraging others to do the same, we can work towards a future with fewer colorectal cancer diagnoses and better outcomes for those affected.

 

Source: American Cancer Society, CDC, National Cancer Institute (NCI)